ABSTRACT
Internationally, the investigation of inclusive education in foreign language teaching and foreign language teacher education is a relatively new phenomenon. Part of this imperative has been the pressing need to research how teachers perceive inclusion and learn to support a diverse range of students. Responding to this challenge, this paper reports on the results of a case study that investigated the perceptions and attitudes toward inclusion of a group of Chilean preservice teachers of English (n = 6) enacting the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in ELT. The study drew on qualitative data generate through interviews, focus group discussion and an artefact analysis, and was conducted within a remote teaching context due to COVID pandemic during 2020 and 2021. The outcomes suggested that preservice teachers conceptualised inclusion as ‘not-segregation', expressing positive attitudes toward diversity and a commitment to principles of inclusion in their teaching. The enactment of UDL allowed participants to diversify the representation of contents and making language more comprehensible. However, participants also experienced frustration and anxiety as they felt their practices were sometimes ineffective. The findings also made visible the complex challenges and struggles preservice teachers confront as they attempt to teach inclusively, particularly in remote learning environments. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
In medical applications, embedded system technologies have become increasingly significant. Developing tools to improve the safety of healthcare professionals in the occurrence of epidemic contagious diseases, such as pandemic influenza, is a top priority. There has been an increase in demand for telemedicine services in recent years due to the rise in infectious diseases such as the Covid-19 viral infection. Telemedicine services include diagnostic tests, prognosis, and patient monitoring. Various heartbeat monitoring systems have been introduced to mitigate human distractions and explore the things that happen inside the human body. The cardiovascular system pushes blood and transports oxygen and nutrients via blood circulation. Heartbeat monitoring plays a vital role in preventing real-time accidents and providing the status of the heart's pumping prior to the external world. This review starts by using various sensors that measure the heart rate in a sophisticated manner, including invasive and non-invasive technologies. The amendable support with this modern device is retrofitted with the environmental conditions to provide the information rate without any delay. Nowadays, the emerging wireless sensor devices simplify collecting data regarding heart rate monitoring and sharing the information with anyone who resides in any part of the world. The types of sensors and the practical difficulties that various monitoring system faces are reviewed in detail. © 2022 River Publishers.